An experimental investigation into the compaction characteristic of granulated gangue backfilling materials modified with binders     

Baiyi Li  Feng Ju 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(7):284

Solid backfill mining has apparent technical advantages in extracting coal resource under sensitive surface structures such as buildings and roads; meanwhile, as an effective method of disposing mining wastes, it works well in solving some environmental problems caused by mining activities. In addition, the controlling effect of solid backfill mining is directly related to the compaction characteristic of backfilling materials. The present study aims to modify the backfilling materials by assessing the effect of binders (cement, fly ash, and lime) on the compaction characteristic of granulated gangue backfilling materials. The compaction test was performed with rock mechanic test system equipped with a self-made circular cylinder apparatus. From the results obtained, cement is not the suitable binder for modifying the gangues backfilling materials, while fly ash or lime, when the dosage is up to 20 wt%, is beneficial to the compaction characteristic of backfilling materials. The relationship between strain behavior and micro-structure of backfilling materials was investigated by SEM and the effect of fly ash or lime on the strain behavior of backfilling materials could be associated with its cementation and gap-filling effect.  相似文献   

A micro–macro investigation of the capillary strengthening effect in wet granular materials     

Ji-Peng Wang  Xia Li  Hai-Sui Yu 《Acta Geotechnica》2018,13(3):513-533

Wet granular materials are three-dimensionally simulated by the discrete element method with water bridges incorporated between particles. The water bridges are simplified as toroidal shapes, and the matric suction is constantly maintained in the material. A comparison with experimental tests in the literature indicates that the toroidal shape approximation may be one of the best choices with high practicability and decent accuracy. Mechanical behaviours of wet granular materials are studied by triaxial tests. Effects of particle size distributions and void ratios are investigated systematically in this study. The hydraulic limit of the pendular state is also discussed. It gives the capillary cohesion function which is not only determined by the degree of saturation but also positively correlated to relative density and particle size polydispersity and inversely proportional to mean particle size. Furthermore, the capillary strengthening effect is also analysed microscopically in aid of the Stress–Force–Fabric relationship, mainly in fabric anisotropy, coordination number and stress transmission pattern, which revealed the micro-mechanisms of the additional effective stress induced by capillary effect.  相似文献   

青海黄南地区近54年蒸发量变化特征及其影响因子     

李延林  许显花  刘义花  沈菊  陈海莲 《气象科技》2019,47(2):269-275

利用青海省黄南地区近54a(1960—2013年)蒸发量、气温、降水量、日照时数、水汽压等资料,应用地理信息系统、数理统计、线性回归和Mann-Kendall检验等方法分析了黄南地区蒸发量的空间及时间变化趋势,并对黄南地区蒸发量变化特征及其影响因子进行了诊断研究。结果表明:黄南地区年平均蒸发量呈明显的下降趋势,20世纪60—70年代为蒸发量偏多阶段,80年代及后为偏少阶段;黄南地区蒸发量最大的季节是春季和夏季,各季蒸发量均呈减少趋势;黄南地区年蒸发量在1973年发生了由多到少的突变,春、夏、秋、冬季分别发在1973、1975、1976和1974年;分析影响蒸发量的相关因子,蒸发量与日照时数呈显著的正相关关系,与水汽压和降水量呈显著的负相关关系,日照时数的减小是蒸发量减少的主要影响因子。  相似文献   

新特提斯洋俯冲起始的地质记录:土耳其南部蛇绿岩和变质底板     

陈晨  苏本勋  景揭俊  肖燕  林伟  褚杨  刘霞  白洋 《岩石学报》2018,34(11):3302-3314

在现行板块构造理论的框架下,板块的初始俯冲是岩浆活动和构造运动发生转变的重要过程,亦是理解板块运动的关键节点。在俯冲起始过程中,主要存在四个方面的地质记录,分别为一系列地球化学成分多样的岩浆活动、SSZ型蛇绿岩、变质底板和玻安岩及其对应的铬铁矿床。特提斯造山带作为公认的研究板块构造理论尤其是初始俯冲的关键场所,一直备受地学界的重视。而土耳其南部构造带作为特提斯造山带的重要组成部分,亦是确定亚欧板块和阿拉伯板块之间缝合线存在的重要标志。该南部构造带是研究新特提斯洋俯冲起始的理想场所,上述关于俯冲初始的四个地质记录均保存良好,且有如下方面的重要特点:1)不同地区的镁铁质岩石甚至同一地区的镁铁质岩石具有不同的地球化学特征,从似洋中脊玄武岩,到过渡型岩石类型和玻安质岩石均有发育; 2)大部分蛇绿岩具有完整的序列,各单元及变质底板岩石中普遍发育侵入的基性岩脉,产状多变,是多期岩浆事件的产物; 3)蛇绿岩下部通常发育一套角闪岩相变质底板,且其年龄与蛇绿岩的形成年龄基本一致; 4)蛇绿岩中普遍发育铬铁矿床,以高Cr型为主,部分蛇绿岩中还赋存高Al-高Cr的过渡型铬铁矿,均被认为是幔源岩浆与地幔橄榄岩反应的产物。因而,这些地质体完整记录了新特提斯洋形成-俯冲-消减的演化过程。  相似文献   

Research on the Output Performance Model of a Turbodrill Used in a Slim Borehole     

Junjie Sh  Yu Wang  Zhiqiao Wang  Qin Zhou  Bairu Xi  Baolin Liu 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(Z1):184-184

  相似文献   

宁芜陶村磁铁矿矿床成矿流体及成矿作用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

滕霞  黄德志  卢洋  汪龙 《大地构造与成矿学》2018,(1):73-83

陶村磁铁矿矿床位于长江中下游成矿带宁芜盆地中段,矿床地质特征及岩浆构造背景与Kiruna型磷灰石-铁氧化物矿床相似。本文在野外工作基础上,通过流体包裹体测温和氢氧硫同位素研究,探讨该矿床成矿流体性质、来源及成矿作用。陶村主要矿石类型为浸染状和脉状磁铁矿,脉状矿石形成稍晚。通过包裹体显微测温获得:磷灰石中包裹体的均一温度集中在210~390℃,盐度集中在15%~23%NaCl_(eqv);石英中包裹体的均一温度集中在330~390℃,盐度主要集中在9%~13%NaCl_(eqv),此外还存在部分高盐度原生包裹体。石英的δD为-96‰~-54‰,δ~(18)O_(H2O)除了一个为8.3‰,其余为1.9‰~4.0‰,指示原始成矿流体为岩浆来源,后期有地表水加入。黄铁矿δ~(34)S为4.8‰~9.3‰,平均值为7.4‰,综合中段地区硫同位素资料,认为成矿流体中的硫来自三叠纪膏盐层与岩浆硫的混合。结合矿床地质特征,陶村成矿作用过程可概括为:岩浆出溶形成的高温含矿气液同化三叠纪膏盐层,带入SO_4~(2-)、Cl~-、Na~+等矿化剂;这种高温气液在岩体内以钠质交代形式富集Fe后,于岩体上部形成浸染状磁铁矿,岩体顶部和边部断裂部位形成(网)脉状磁铁矿。  相似文献   

Geochronology,Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of the Pungco Ophiolite,TibetEI北大核心CSCD     

Wang X.  Xia B.  Liu W.  Zhong Y.  Hu X.  Guan Y.  Huang W.  Yin Z. 《大地构造与成矿学》2018,(3):550-569

Although the middle section of the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone has been intensively investigated, its tectonic framework and evolution is still controversy. The Pungco ophiolite has a relative complete ophiolitic complex, which is an ideal specimen for studying this tricky problem. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of zircons from the diabasic rock yielded an age of 159.0±2.1 Ma. This age suggests that the Pungco ophiolite was formed in the Late Jurassic, indicating the development of the Late Jurassic ophiolite in the third ophiolitic subzone. The whole-rock major and trace element compositions of diabasic and basaltic rocks exhibit mixed arc and N-MORB geochemical characteristics. Two diabasic samples have (87Sr/86Sr)i values of 0.7055 and 0.7063 and εNd(t) values of 11.28 and 11.84, respectively. The geochemical signatures and formation age of the Pungco ophiolite suggest that this ophiolite was probably produced in an active continental fore-arc setting. It originated from a N-MORB-like depleted mantle source with the involvement of subducted-slab fluids. Considering the regional geological background, the Pungco ophiolite was likely generated during the southward subduction of the Bangong-Nujiang Tethyan oceanic lithosphere beneath the Lhasa terrane, and belongs to a regional archipelagic arc-basin system together with the other Early Jurassic-Early Cretaceous ophiolites from the northern Tibet Lake district. © 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.  相似文献   

Disciplinary System and Development Strategy for Eco-hydrology   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jun Xia  Qiting Zuo  Chunhui Han 《地球科学进展》2018,33(7):665-674

Eco-hydrology is a new discipline developed in recent decades. It is of great significance to accelerate and promote the development of eco-hydrology subject by constructing a perfect discipline system and formulating future development strategies. By reviewing a large number of literatures, this paper systematically combed and expounded the development and evolution of the eco-hydrology, which can be divided into five stages, the embryonic period of eco-hydrology (1970-1986), formulation terminology and the initial exploration period of eco-hydrology (1987-1991), discipline establishment and the initial development period of eco-hydrology (1992-1995), the rapid development period of eco-hydrology (1996-2007) and the improvement period of eco-hydrology (2008-present). Based on the analysis of the development of eco-hydrology, the disciplinary system of eco-hydrology was proposed as a framework of “theory-method-practice-branch discipline”. Finally, combined with the authors’ understanding, this paper put forward the development strategy system of the eco-hydrology, including the disciplinary research plan, the key research project, the country’s major demand, the discipline construction and the international cooperation, which will provide support for the promotion and establishment of a sound disciplinary system of eco-hydrology.  相似文献   

江苏灌河入海口附近重金属元素环境地球化学质量分析     

夏同法  梁胜跃  徐明钻 《江苏地质》2018,42(4):641-650

以往对灌河口附近海域进行地球化学调查发现,海底沉积物及海水质量总体良好,但局部沉积物中Cr含量高于一类标准,Cu、As、Pb、Hg等其他重金属元素含量也明显高于其他地区,个别重金属元素已接近一类标准最高限,存在潜在生态风险。为进一步了解其与人类活动是否有关,对灌河靠近入海口40 km长的河水进行了地球化学调查,发现灌河河水中Hg、Cu、Pb等重金属元素存在一定程度的超标现象。结合其他证据认为,人类活动不仅对灌河下游河水质量产生了负面影响,还对入海口附近的海域环境质量产生了潜在威胁。借鉴内梅罗综合指数评价思路对灌河下游及入海口的重金属元素环境质量进行评价,并对如何降低、消除生态风险提出了若干建议。  相似文献   

粤东鸿沟山金矿区流纹斑岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年、Lu-Hf同位素组成及其地质意义     

范飞鹏  肖惠良  陈乐柱  李海立  蔡逸涛  康丛轩  朱意萍  刘建雄  邓中林  李少斌  林耿伟  周霞  肖凡 《地质论评》2018,64(1):213-226

鸿沟山矿区位于华南粤东莲花山钨矿床的中部,是近年来通过地质矿产调查新发现具有找寻金矿潜力的矿床之一。本文以与鸿沟山金等多金属矿化关系密切的流纹斑岩为研究对象,开展了锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年、流纹斑岩和矿石岩石地球化学、锆石Lu-Hf同位素组成特征研究。获得流纹斑岩锆石206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为169.1±1.5Ma,说明岩体形成于中侏罗世。在微量元素特征方面,流纹斑岩都表现为相对亏损大离子亲石元素Ba、Sr和高强场元素Nb、P、Zr、Hf,富集大离子亲石元素Rb,高强场元素U、Ce、Sm和轻稀土元素La、Nd,流纹斑岩与矿石稀土元素特征基本相似,Eu具中等负异常,但随着矿化强度的增强稀土元素更加富集。流纹斑岩εHf(t)(-15.0~2.2)分布范围宽,二阶段模式年龄TDM2主要变化范围为0.82~0.93 Ga,表明成岩物质主要来源于新元古代古老地壳变质泥岩和变质砂岩部分熔融,并有幔源物质的加入。因此,围绕着该时间段的流纹斑岩岩体,对于找寻W、Cu、Pb、Zn、Bi、Au、稀土、稀有和稀散元素矿产具有重要意义。  相似文献